Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases
Volume 18, Issue 4 , Pages 298-305 , May 2008

Structured medium and long chain triglycerides show short-term increases in fat oxidation, but no changes in adiposity in men

  • Catherine E. Roynette

      Affiliations

    • School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, H9X 3V9
    • ,
  • Iwona Rudkowska

      Affiliations

    • School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, H9X 3V9
    • ,
  • Dilip K. Nakhasi

      Affiliations

    • New Product Development - NBD, Bunge Oils, 725 North Kinzie Av, Bardley, IL 60915, USA
    • ,
  • Peter J.H. Jones

      Affiliations

    • School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, H9X 3V9
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Present address: Departments of Food Science and Human Nutritional Sciences, 196 Innovation Drive, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 6C5. Tel.: +1 (204) 474 8883; fax: +1 (204) 474 7552.

Received 30 June 2006 ,Revised 8 November 2006 ,Accepted 22 November 2006.

References 

  1. World Health Organization. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO Consultation on Obesity, 3–5 June 1997, Geneva, WHO/NUT/NCD/98.1. WHO Technical Report Series 894. Geneva: WHO; 2000.
  2. World Health Organization. The European health report 2002. WHO regional publications, European series no. 97. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2002; Part 1, p. 38–40.
  3. Borel P, Tyssandier V, Mekki N, Grolier P, Rochette Y, Alexandre-Gouabau MC, et al. Chylomicron beta-carotene and retinyl palmitate responses are dramatically diminished when men ingest beta-carotene with medium-chain rather than long-chain triglycerides. J Nutr. 1998;128:1361–1367
  4. Swift LL, Hill JO, Peters JC. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins during 6d of maintenance feeding with long-chain, medium-chain, and mixed-chain triglycerides. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992;56:881–886
  5. Bach AC, Ingenbleek Y, Frey A. The usefulness of dietary medium-chain triglycerides in body weight control: fact or fancy?. J Lipid Res. 1996;37:708–726
  6. Tsuji H, Kasai M, Takeuchi H, Nakamura M, Okazaki M, Kondo K. Dietary medium-chain triacylglycerols suppress accumulation of body fat in a double-blind, controlled trial in healthy men and women. J Nutr. 2001;131:2853–2859
  7. Van Wymelbeke V, Louis-Sylvestre J, Fantino M. Substrate oxidation and control of food intake in men after a fat-substitute meal compared with meals supplemented with an isoenergetic load of carbohydrate, long-chain triacylglycerols, or medium-chain triacylglycerols. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;74:620–630
  8. Dulloo AG, Fathi M, Mensi N, Girardier L. Twenty-four-hour energy expenditure and urinary catecholamines of humans consuming low-to-moderate amounts of medium-chain triglycerides: a dose-response study in a human respiratory chamber. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1996;50:152–158
  9. White MD, Papamandjaris AA, Jones PJH. Enhanced postprandial EE with medium-chain fatty acid feeding is attenuated after 14d in premenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;69:883–889
  10. St-Onge MP, Jones PJH, Ross R, Parsons WE. Medium chain triglycerides increase energy expenditure and decrease adiposity in overweight men. Obes Res. 2003;11:395–402
  11. St-Onge MP, Bourque C, Jones PJ, Ross R, Parsons WE. Medium- versus long-chain triglycerides for 27days increases fat oxidation and energy expenditure without resulting in changes in body composition in overweight women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003;27:95–102
  12. Hill JO, Peters JC, Yang D, Sharp T, Kaler M, Abumrad NN, et al. Thermogenesis in humans during overfeeding with medium-chain triglycerides. Metabolism. 1989;38:641–648
  13. Scalfi L, Coltorti A, Contaldo F. Postprandial thermogenesis in lean and obese subjects after meals supplemented with medium-chain and long-chain triglycerides. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991;53:1130–1133
  14. St-Onge MP, Jones PJ. Greater rise in fat oxidation with medium-chain triglyceride consumption relative to long-chain triglyceride is associated with lower initial body weight and greater loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003;27:1565–1571
  15. Stubbs RJ, Harbron CG. Covert manipulation of the ratio of medium- to long-chain triglycerides in isoenergetically dense diets: effect on food intake in ad libitum feeding men. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1996;20:435–444
  16. Van Wymelbeke V, Himaya A, Louis-Sylvestre J, Fantino M. Influence of medium-chain and long-chain triacylglycerols on the control of food intake in men. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998;68:226–234
  17. St-Onge MP, Jones PJ. Physiological effects of medium-chain triglycerides: potential agents in the prevention of obesity. J Nutr. 2002;132:329–332
  18. Kovacs EM, Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Saris WH. The effects of 2-week ingestion of (−)-hydroxycitrate and (−)-hydroxycitrate combined with medium-chain triglycerides on satiety, fat oxidation, energy expenditure and body weight. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001;25:1087–1094
  19. Nosaka N, Maki H, Suzuki Y, Haruna H, Ohara A, Kasai M, et al. Effects of margarine containing medium-chain triacylglycerols on body fat reduction in humans. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2003;10:290–298
  20. Mifflin MD, St-Jeor ST, Hill LA, Scott BJ, Daugherty SA, Koh YO. A new predictive equation for resting EE in healthy individuals. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;51:241–247
  21. Ross R. Magnetic resonance imaging provides new insights into the characterization of adipose and lean tissue distribution. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1996;74:778–785
  22. Snyder WS, Cook MJ, Nasset ES, Karhausen LR, Howells GP, Tipton IH. Report of the Task Group on Reference Men. International Commission on Radiological Protection No. 23. Oxford: Pergamon Press; 1975.
  23. Trappe SW, Trappe TA, Lee GA, Costill DL. Calf muscle strength in humans. Int J Sports Med. 2001;22:186–191
  24. Roynette CE, Chevrolat P, Karsegard L, Pichard C. Determination of energy expenditure in the clinical setting. Rev Med Suisse Romande. 2003;123:387–391
  25. Reed GW, Hill JO. Measuring the thermic effect of food. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;63:164–169
  26. Suzuki R, Watanabe S, Hirai Y, Akiyama K, Nishide T, Matsushima Y, et al. Abdominal wall fat index, estimated by ultrasonography, for assessment of the ratio of visceral fat to subcutaneous fat in the abdomen. Am J Med. 1993;95:309–314
  27. Elia M, Livesey G. Metabolic control of eating, EE and the bioenergetics of obesity. World Rev Nutr Diet. 1992;70:68–131
  28. Swinburn B, Ravussin E. Energy balance or fat balance?. Am J Clin Nutr. 1993;57:S766–S770
  29. Rudkowska I, Roynette CE, Nakhasi DK, Jones PJ. Phytosterols mixed with medium-chain triglycerides and high-oleic canola oil decrease plasma lipids in overweight men. Metabolism. 2006;55:391–395
  30. Dulloo AG, Mensi N, Seydoux J, Girardier L. Differential effects of high-fat diets varying in fatty acid composition on the efficiency of lean and fat tissue deposition during weight recovery after low food intake. Metabolism. 1995;44:273–279
  31. Tremblay A. Dietary fat and body weight set point. Nutr Rev. 2004;62:S75–S77
  32. Binnert C, Pachiaudi C, Beylot M, Hans D, Vandermander J, Chantre P, et al. Influence of human obesity on the metabolic fate of dietary long- and medium-chain triacylglycerols. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998;67:595–601
  33. Frayn KN. Insulin resistance, impaired postprandial lipid metabolism and abdominal obesity. A deadly triad. Med Princ Pract. 2002;11:31–40
  34. Piers LS, Walker KZ, Stoney RM, Soares MJ, O'Dea K. The influence of the type of dietary fat on postprandial fat oxidation rates: monounsaturated (olive oil) vs saturated fat (cream). Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002;26:814–821
  35. Leyton J, Drury PJ, Crawford MA. Differential oxidation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in vivo in the rat. Br J Nutr. 1987;57:383–393
  36. Eletto D, Leone A, Bifulco M, Tecce MF. Effect of unsaturated fat intake from Mediterranean diet on rat liver mRNA expression profile: selective modulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2005;15:13–23
  37. DeLany JP, Windhauser MM, Champagne CM, Bray GA. Differential oxidation of individual dietary fatty acids in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72:905–911
  38. Krotkiewski M. Value of VLCD supplementation with medium chain triglycerides. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001;25:1393–1400
  39. Ravussin E, Swinburn B. Energy metabolism. In:  Stunkard A editors. Obesity: theory and therapy. New York: Raven Press; 1993;p. 97–123

PII: S0939-4753(06)00244-4

doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2006.11.004

Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases
Volume 18, Issue 4 , Pages 298-305 , May 2008

Article Tools