Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases
Volume 19, Issue 9 , Pages 626-633 , November 2009

Effect of diet-induced weight loss on plasma apelin and cytokine levels in individuals with the metabolic syndrome

  • M.V. Heinonen

      Affiliations

    • A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Kuopio, Finland
  • ,
  • D.E. Laaksonen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
  • ,
  • T. Karhu

      Affiliations

    • A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Kuopio, Finland
  • ,
  • L. Karhunen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Kuopio, Finland
  • ,
  • T. Laitinen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Clinical Physiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
  • ,
  • S. Kainulainen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
  • ,
  • A. Rissanen

      Affiliations

    • Obesity Research Unit, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Finland
  • ,
  • L. Niskanen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
  • ,
  • K.H. Herzig

      Affiliations

    • A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Kuopio, Finland
    • Department of Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
    • Institute of Biomedicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to: Karl-Heinz Herzig, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Physiology, and Biocenter Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Oulu University, Oulu 90014, Finland. Tel.: +358 8 537 5280; fax +358 8 537 5320.

Received 30 September 2008 ,Revised 14 December 2008 ,Accepted 15 December 2008.

References 

  1. Reaven GM. Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes. 1988;37:1595–1607
  2. Laaksonen DE, Niskanen L, Lakka HM, Lakka TA, Uusitupa M. Epidemiology and treatment of the metabolic syndrome. Ann Med. 2004;36:332–346
  3. Ritchie SA, Connell JM. The link between abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2007;17:319–326
  4. Laaksonen DE, Laitinen T, Schonberg J, Rissanen A, Niskanen LK. Weight loss and weight maintenance, ambulatory blood pressure and cardiac autonomic tone in obese persons with the metabolic syndrome. J Hypertens. 2003;21:371–378
  5. Tatemoto K, Hosoya M, Habata Y, Fujii R, Kakegawa T, Zou MX, et al. Isolation and characterization of a novel endogenous peptide ligand for the human APJ receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998;251:471–476
  6. Tatemoto K, Takayama K, Zou MX, Kumaki I, Zhang W, Kumano K, et al. The novel peptide apelin lowers blood pressure via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. Regul Pept. 2001;99:87–92
  7. Medhurst AD, Jennings CA, Robbins MJ, Davis RP, Ellis C, Winborn KY, et al. Pharmacological and immunohistochemical characterization of the APJ receptor and its endogenous ligand apelin. J Neurochem. 2003;84:1162–1172
  8. Kawamata Y, Habata Y, Fukusumi S, Hosoya M, Fujii R, Hinuma S, et al. Molecular properties of apelin: tissue distribution and receptor binding. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001;1538:162–171
  9. Hosoya M, Kawamata Y, Fukusumi S, Fujii R, Habata Y, Hinuma S, et al. Molecular and functional characteristics of APJ. Tissue distribution of mRNA and interaction with the endogenous ligand apelin. J Biol Chem. 2000;275:21061–21067
  10. Kleinz MJ, Davenport AP. Immunocytochemical localization of the endogenous vasoactive peptide apelin to human vascular and endocardial endothelial cells. Regul Pept. 2004;118:119–125
  11. Boucher J, Masri B, Daviaud D, Gesta S, Guigne C, Mazzucotelli A, et al. Apelin, a newly identified adipokine up-regulated by insulin and obesity. Endocrinology. 2005;146:1764–1771
  12. Szokodi I, Tavi P, Foldes G, Voutilainen-Myllyla S, Ilves M, Tokola H, et al. Apelin, the novel endogenous ligand of the orphan receptor APJ, regulates cardiac contractility. Circ Res. 2002;91:434–440
  13. Berry MF, Pirolli TJ, Jayasankar V, Burdick J, Morine KJ, Gardner TJ, et al. Apelin has in vivo inotropic effects on normal and failing hearts. Circulation. 2004;110(Suppl. 1):II187–II193
  14. De Mota N, Reaux-Le Goazigo A, El Messari S, Chartrel N, Roesch D, Dujardin C, et al. Apelin, a potent diuretic neuropeptide counteracting vasopressin actions through inhibition of vasopressin neuron activity and vasopressin release. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101:10464–10469
  15. Garcia-Diaz D, Campion J, Milagro FI, Martinez JA. Adiposity dependent apelin gene expression: relationships with oxidative and inflammation markers. Mol Cell Biochem. 2007;305:87–94
  16. Heinonen MV, Purhonen AK, Miettinen P, Paakkonen M, Pirinen E, Alhava E, et al. Apelin, orexin-A and leptin plasma levels in morbid obesity and effect of gastric banding. Regul Pept. 2005;130:7–13
  17. Castan-Laurell I, Vitkova M, Daviaud D, Dray C, Kovacikova M, Kovacova Z, et al. Effect of hypocaloric diet-induced weight loss in obese women on plasma apelin and adipose tissue expression of apelin and APJ. Eur J Endocrinol. 2008;158:905–910
  18. Ruan H, Lodish HF. Insulin resistance in adipose tissue: direct and indirect effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2003;14:447–455
  19. Barinas-Mitchell E, Kuller LH, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Hegazi R, Harper P, Mancino J, et al. Effect of weight loss and nutritional intervention on arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006;29:2218–2222
  20. Daviaud D, Boucher J, Gesta S, Dray C, Guigne C, Quilliot D, et al. TNFalpha up-regulates apelin expression in human and mouse adipose tissue. FASEB J. 2006;20:1528–1530
  21. Richelsen B, Tonstad S, Rossner S, Toubro S, Niskanen L, Madsbad S, et al. Effect of orlistat on weight regain and cardiovascular risk factors following a very-low-energy diet in abdominally obese patients: a 3-year randomized, placebo-controlled study. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:27–32
  22. Laaksonen DE, Kainulainen S, Rissanen A, Niskanen L. Relationships between changes in abdominal fat distribution and insulin sensitivity during a very low calorie diet in abdominally obese men and women. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2003;13:349–356
  23. Chong KS, Gardner RS, Morton JJ, Ashley EA, McDonagh TA. Plasma concentrations of the novel peptide apelin are decreased in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2006;8:355–360
  24. Bastard JP, Jardel C, Bruckert E, Blondy P, Capeau J, Laville M, et al. Elevated levels of interleukin 6 are reduced in serum and subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese women after weight loss. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000;85:3338–3342
  25. Bruun JM, Verdich C, Toubro S, Astrup A, Richelsen B. Association between measures of insulin sensitivity and circulating levels of interleukin-8, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Effect of weight loss in obese men. Eur J Endocrinol. 2003;148:535–542
  26. Shadid S, Stehouwer CD, Jensen MD. Diet/exercise versus pioglitazone: effects of insulin sensitization with decreasing or increasing fat mass on adipokines and inflammatory markers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91:3418–3425
  27. Farkasfalvi K, Stagg MA, Coppen SR, Siedlecka U, Lee J, Soppa GK, et al. Direct effects of apelin on cardiomyocyte contractility and electrophysiology. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007;357:889–895
  28. Kagiyama S, Fukuhara M, Matsumura K, Lin Y, Fujii K, Iida M. Central and peripheral cardiovascular actions of apelin in conscious rats. Regul Pept. 2005;125:55–59
  29. Mitra A, Katovich MJ, Mecca A, Rowland NE. Effects of central and peripheral injections of apelin on fluid intake and cardiovascular parameters in rats. Physiol Behav. 2006;89:221–225
  30. Madsen EL, Rissanen A, Bruun JM, Skogstrand K, Tonstad S, Hougaard DM, et al. Weight loss larger than 10% is needed for general improvement of levels of circulating adiponectin and markers of inflammation in obese subjects: a 3-year weight loss study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2008;158:179–187
  31. Arvidsson E, Viguerie N, Andersson I, Verdich C, Langin D, Arner P. Effects of different hypocaloric diets on protein secretion from adipose tissue of obese women. Diabetes. 2004;53:1966–1971
  32. Hallikainen M, Kolehmainen M, Schwab U, Laaksonen DE, Niskanen L, Rauramaa R, et al. Serum adipokines are associated with cholesterol metabolism in the metabolic syndrome. Clin Chim Acta. 2007;383:126–132
  33. Cummings DE, Weigle DS, Frayo RS, Breen PA, Ma MK, Dellinger EP, et al. Plasma ghrelin levels after diet-induced weight loss or gastric bypass surgery. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:1623–1630
  34. Garcia JM, Iyer D, Poston WS, Marcelli M, Reeves R, Foreyt J, et al. Rise of plasma ghrelin with weight loss is not sustained during weight maintenance. Obesity. 2006;14:1716–1723
  35. Purnell JQ, Weigle DS, Breen P, Cummings DE. Ghrelin levels correlate with insulin levels, insulin resistance, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but not with gender, menopausal status, or cortisol levels in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88:5747–5752
  36. Heinonen MV, Karhunen LJ, Chabot ED, Toppinen LK, Juntunen KS, Laaksonen DE, et al. Plasma ghrelin levels after two high-carbohydrate meals producing different insulin responses in patients with metabolic syndrome. Regul Pept. 2007;138:118–125
  37. Fain JN, Madan AK, Hiler ML, Cheema P, Bahouth SW. Comparison of the release of adipokines by adipose tissue, adipose tissue matrix, and adipocytes from visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissues of obese humans. Endocrinology. 2004;145:2273–2282
  38. Colles SL, Dixon JB, Marks P, Strauss BJ, O'Brien PE. Preoperative weight loss with a very-low-energy diet: quantitation of changes in liver and abdominal fat by serial imaging. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84:304–311
  39. Dvorakova-Lorenzova A, Suchanek P, Havel PJ, Stavek P, Karasova L, Valenta Z, et al. The decrease in C-reactive protein concentration after diet and physical activity induced weight reduction is associated with changes in plasma lipids, but not interleukin-6 or adiponectin. Metabolism. 2006;55:359–365
  40. Havel PJ, Kasim-Karakas S, Mueller W, Johnson PR, Gingerich RL, Stern JS. Relationship of plasma leptin to plasma insulin and adiposity in normal weight and overweight women: effects of dietary fat content and sustained weight loss. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:4406–4413
  41. Havel PJ, Kasim-Karakas S, Dubuc GR, Mueller W, Phinney SD. Gender differences in plasma leptin concentrations. Nat Med. 1996;2:949–950
  42. Niskanen LK, Haffner S, Karhunen LJ, Turpeinen AK, Miettinen H, Uusitupa MI. Serum leptin in obesity is related to gender and body fat topography but does not predict successful weight loss. Eur J Endocrinol. 1997;137:61–67
  43. Bougoulia M, Triantos A, Koliakos G. Effect of weight loss with or without orlistat treatment on adipocytokines, inflammation, and oxidative markers in obese women. Hormones. 2006;5:259–269
  44. Rucker D, Padwal R, Li SK, Curioni C, Lau DC. Long term pharmacotherapy for obesity and overweight: updated meta-analysis. BMJ. 2007;335:1194–1199
  45. Mannucci E, Dicembrini I, Rotella F, Rotella CM. Orlistat and sibutramine beyond weight loss. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2008;18:342–348
  46. Ellrichmann M, Kapelle M, Ritter PR, Holst JJ, Herzig KH, Schmidt WE, et al. Orlistat inhibition of intestinal lipase acutely increases appetite and attenuates postprandial GLP-1, CCK and PYY concentrations. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93:3995–3998

PII: S0939-4753(08)00255-X

doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2008.12.008

Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases
Volume 19, Issue 9 , Pages 626-633 , November 2009