Abstract
Background and aims
Different types of dietary fats exert differential effects on glucose and lipid metabolism.
Our aim was to evaluate the impact of different dietary fats on the expression of
skeletal muscle genes regulating mitochondrial replication and function in healthy
subjects.
Methods and results
Ten healthy subjects (age 29 ± 3 years; BMI 25.0 ± 3 kg/m2) received in a random order a test meal with the same energy content but different
composition in macronutrients and quality of fat: Mediterranean (MED) meal, SAFA meal
(Lipid 66%, saturated 36%) and MUFA meal (Lipid 63%, monounsaturated 37%). At fast
and after 180 min, a fine needle aspiration was performed from the vastus lateralis
for determination of mitochondrial gene expression by quantitative PCR. No difference
in glucose and triglyceride response was observed between the three meals, while NEFA
levels were significantly higher following fat-rich meals compared to MED meal (p < 0.002–0.0001). MED meal was associated with an increased expression, albeit not statistically
significant, of some genes regulating both replication and function. Following MUFA
meal, a significant increase in the expression of PGC1β (p = 0.02) and a reduction in the transcription factor PPARδ (p = 0.006) occurred with no change in the expression of COX and GLUT4 genes. In contrast,
SAFA meal was associated with a marked reduction in the expression of COX (p < 0.001) PFK (p < 0.003), LPL (p = 0.002) and GLUT4 (p = 0.009) genes.
Conclusion
Dietary fats differentially modulate gene transcriptional profile since saturated,
but not monounsaturated fat, downregulate the expression of genes regulating muscle
glucose transport and oxidation.
Keywords
Abbreviations:
CHO (carbohydrate), COX (cytocrome c oxidase), NEFA (non esterified fatty acids), FNA (fine needle aspiration), MED (Mediterranean), MUFA (monounsaturated fat), OXPHOS (oxidative phosphorylation), PGC1α – PGC1β (proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator α – β), SAFA (saturated fat)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 23, 2013
Accepted:
July 1,
2013
Received in revised form:
July 1,
2013
Received:
January 15,
2013
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 Elsevier B.V. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
