Abstract
Background and aims
Exercise training can improve health of patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). However,
which MetS factors are most responsive to exercise training remains unclear. We studied
the time-course of changes in MetS factors in response to training and detraining.
Methods and results
Forty eight MetS patients (52 ± 8.8 yrs old; 33 ± 4 BMI) underwent 4 months (3 days/week)
of supervised aerobic interval training (AIT) program. After 1 month of training,
there were progressive increases in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and
reductions in waist circumference and blood pressure (12 ± 3, −3.9 ± 0.4, and −12 ± 1%,
respectively after 4 months; all P < 0.05). However, fasting plasma concentration of triglycerides and glucose were
not reduced by training. Insulin sensitivity (HOMA), cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) and exercise maximal fat oxidation (FOMAx) also progressively improved with training (−17 ± 5; 21 ± 2 and 31 ± 8%, respectively,
after 4 months; all P < 0.05). Vastus lateralis samples from seven subjects revealed that mitochondrial O2 flux was markedly increased with training (71 ± 11%) due to increased mitochondrial
content. After 1 month of detraining, the training-induced improvements in waist circumference
and blood pressure were maintained. HDL-c and VO2peak returned to the values found after 1–2 months of training while HOMA and FOMAx returned to pre-training values.
Conclusions
The health related variables most responsive to aerobic interval training in MetS
patients are waist circumference, blood pressure and the muscle and systemic adaptations
to consume oxygen and fat. However, the latter reverse with detraining while blood
pressure and waist circumference are persistent to one month of detraining.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 21, 2014
Accepted:
January 7,
2014
Received in revised form:
December 20,
2013
Received:
September 8,
2013
Identification
Copyright
© 2014 Elsevier B.V. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
