Abstract
Background and aim
Intracellular magnesium (icMg) depletion may coexist with normomagnesemia. Mg deficiency
(serum and/or intracellular) and decreased heart rate variability (HRV) are common
in heart failure (HF). Since both are predictors of poor prognosis, it was of interest
to evaluate the effect of Mg supplementation on HRV in patients with HF.
Methods and results
We investigated the effect of Mg administration on HRV in normomagnesemic patients
with systolic HF. HRV, serum Mg and icMg were determined before and after 5-week 300 mg/day Mg citrate treatment in 16 patients (group 1). The control group included 16
Mg-non-treated HF patients (group 2). HRV was determined by a non-linear dynamics
analysis, derived from the chaos theory, which calculates HRV–correlation dimension
(HRV–CD). After 5 weeks, serum Mg (mmol/l) increased more significantly in group 1
(from 0.78±0.04 to 0.89±0.06, p<0.001), than in group 2 (from 0.79±0.07 to 0.84±0.06, p=0.042). IcMg and HRV–CD increased significantly only in group 1 (from 59±7 to 66±9 mmol/g cell protein, p=0.025, and from 3.47±0.42 to 3.94±0.36, p<0.001, respectively). In group 2, the differences in the respective parameters were
63±12 to 66±9 mmol/g cell protein (p=0.7) and 3.59±0.42 to 3.55±0.4 (p=0.8).
Conclusion
Mg administration to normomagnesemic patients with systolic HF increases serum Mg,
icMg and HRV–CD. Increasing of HRV by Mg supplementation may prove beneficial to HF
patients.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular DiseasesAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Fractal variability versus pathologic periodicity: complexity loss and stereotypy in disease.Perspect Biol Med. 1997; 40: 543-561
- Prospective study of heart rate variability and mortality in chronic heart failure: results of the United Kingdom heart failure evaluation and assessment of risk trial (UK-heart).Circulation. 1998; 98: 1510-1516
- Heart rate variability in myocardial infarction and heart failure.Int J Cardiol. 2007; 120: 289-296https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2006.11.221
- Prognostic value of heart rate variability in chronic congestive heart failure (Veterans Affairs' Survival Trial of Antiarrhythmic Therapy in Congestive Heart Failure).Am J Cardiol. 2002; 90: 24-28https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9149(02)02380-9
- Measures of heart period variability as predictors of mortality in hospitalized patients with decompensated congestive heart failure.Am J Cardiol. 2004; 93: 59-63https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2003.09.013
- Measuring the strangeness of strange attractors.Physica D. 1983; 9: 189-208
- Chaos theory, heart rate variability, and arrhythmic mortality.Circulation. 2000; 101: 8-10
- The application of methods of non-linear dynamics for the improved and predictive recognition of patients threatened by sudden cardiac death.Cardiovasc Res. 1996; 31: 419-433https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(96)00008-9
- Effect of exercise training on autonomic derangement and neurohumoral activation in chronic heart failure.J Card Fail. 2007; 13: 294-303https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2006.12.006
- Continuous positive airway pressure increases heart rate variability in heart failure patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.Clin Sci (Lond). 2008; 114: 243-249
- Changes in heart rate variability, quality of life, and activity in cardiac resynchronization therapy patients: results of the HF–HRV registry.Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2007; 30: 56-64
- Effect of nesiritide (human b-type natriuretic peptide) and dobutamine on heart rate variability in decompensated heart failure.Am Heart J. 2004; 148: e16https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2004.05.027
- Mortality in patients after a recent myocardial infarction: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of azimilide using heart rate variability for risk stratification.Circulation. 2004; 109: 990-996
- Effects of carvedilol therapy on arrhythmia markers in patients with congestive heart failure.Int Heart J. 2006; 47: 565-573
- Magnesium deficiency: pathophysiologic and clinical overview.Am J Kidney Dis. 1994; 24: 737-752
- Protective role of magnesium in cardiovascular diseases: a review.Mol Cell Biochem. 2002; 238: 163-179
- Electrolyte balance in heart failure and the role for magnesium ions.Am J Cardiol. 1992; 70: 44C-49C
- Significance of magnesium in congestive heart failure.Am Heart J. 1996; 132: 664-671https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8703(96)90253-7
- Influence of autonomic nervous system on electrolyte abnormalities in children with mitral valve prolapse.Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2003; 14: 220-223
- Effects of chronic sleep deprivation on autonomic activity by examining heart rate variability, plasma catecholamine, and intracellular magnesium levels.Biomed Pharmacother. 2004; 58: S35-S39
- Cell-associated magnesium and QT dispersion in hemodialysis patients.Am J Kidney Dis. 2003; 41: 196-202
- Magnesium metabolism: a review with special reference to the relationship between intracellular content and serum levels.Arch Intern Med. 1988; 148: 2415-2420
- Modulation of CaV1.2 channels by Mg2+ acting at an EF-hand motif in the COOH-terminal domain.J Gen Physiol. 2005; 126: 311-323
- Autonomic nerve activity and atrial fibrillation.Heart Rhythm. 2007; 4: S61-S64https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2006.12.006
- Low blood mononuclear cell magnesium in intensive cardiac care unit patients.Am Heart J. 1986; 111: 475-480
- Clinical characteristics of patients with increased urinary excretion of adrenaline in mild to moderate heart failure.Clin Cardiol. 2001; 24: 209-213
- Magnesium dynamics and sympathetic nervous system activity in patients with chronic heart failure.Jpn Circ J. 1999; 63: 267-273
- Real-time heart rate variability and its correlation with plasma catecholamines during laparoscopic adrenal pheochromocytoma surgery.Anesth Analg. 2008; 106: 164-170
- Decreases by magnesium of QT dispersion and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Eur Heart J. 1999; 20: 111-120
- Effects of long-term oral magnesium chloride replacement in congestive heart failure secondary to coronary artery disease.Am J Cardiol. 1993; 72: 1156-1162https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(93)90986-M
- Oral magnesium therapy improves endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease.Circulation. 2000; 102: 2353-2358
- An evaluation of the impact of oral magnesium lactate on the corrected QT interval of patients receiving sotalol or dofetilide to prevent atrial or ventricular tachyarrhythmia recurrence.Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2006; 11: 163-169
Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 09, 2009
Accepted:
December 4,
2008
Received in revised form:
December 1,
2008
Received:
July 23,
2008
Identification
Copyright
© 2008 Elsevier B.V. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
