Abstract
Background and Aims
Epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that low-glycemic index diets could protect
against weight gain. However, the relationship between these diets and adipokines
or inflammatory markers is unclear. In the present study we examine how the dietary
glycemic index (GI) and dietary glycemic load (GL) are associated with several adipokines
and related metabolic risk markers of obesity and diabetes in a cross-sectional and
longitudinal manner.
Methods and Results
511 elderly community-dwelling men and women at high cardiovascular risk were recruited
for the PREDIMED trial. Dietary data were collected at baseline and after 1 year of
follow-up. The GI and GL were calculated. Plasma leptin, adiponectin and other metabolic
risk markers were measured at baseline and after 1 year. At baseline, subjects in
the highest quartiles of GI showed significantly higher levels of TNF and IL-6 than
those in the lowest quartiles. Dietary GI index was negatively related to plasma leptin
and adiponectin levels. After 1 year of follow-up, subjects with a higher increase
in dietary GI or GL showed a greater reduction in leptin and adiponectin plasma levels.
There was no association between GI or GL and the other metabolic markers measured.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that the consumption of high-GI or high-GL diets may modulate
plasma concentrations of leptin and adiponectin, both adipostatic molecules implicated
in energy balance and cardiometabolic risk.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 04, 2012
Accepted:
September 20,
2011
Received in revised form:
September 19,
2011
Received:
May 10,
2011
Identification
Copyright
© 2011 Elsevier B.V. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
