Highlights
- •Higher dietary saturated fat intake is associated with a decreased overall risk of stroke.
- •There is a linear dose–response relation between dietary saturated fat intake and the risk of stroke.
- •It is necessary to re-evaluate the restrictions on saturated fat intake for future dietary guidelines.
Abstract
Background and aims
Because of the conflicting research results, the association between saturated fatty
acid (SFA) consumption and the risk of stroke remains controversial. We conducted
a meta-analysis to evaluate potential dose–response relation between SFA intake and
stroke.
Methods and results
PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web
of Science were searched. Summary relative risks (RRs) of the highest vs. the lowest
category of SFA intake and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled by random-effects
models. Linear or nonlinear dose–response trend estimations were evaluated with data
from categories of SFA consumption in each study. Fourteen studies involving a total
of 598,435 participants were eligible for high vs. low meta-analysis, and 12 studies
involving a total of 462,268 participants were eligible for the dose–response relation
assessment. Higher dietary SFA intake was associated with a decreased overall risk
for stroke (RR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78–0.96; I2 = 37.8%). A linear relation between SFA and stroke was explored (P = 0.01), the pooled
RR of stroke per 10 g/day increase in SFA intake was 0.94 (95% CI, 0.89–0.98; P = 0.01).
Conclusion
This meta-analysis further demonstrated that a higher consumption of dietary SFA is
associated with a lower risk of stroke, and every 10 g/day increase in SFA intake
is associated with a 6% relative risk reduction in the rate of stroke. Further research
is needed to explore the influence of specific SFA types and different macronutrient
replacement models of SFA on the stroke risk.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 01, 2019
Accepted:
September 25,
2019
Received in revised form:
September 24,
2019
Received:
May 6,
2019
Handling Editor: A. SianiIdentification
Copyright
© 2019 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
