Highlights
- •Cardiovascular disease prevalence has been rising more rapidly worldwide.
- •Low-grade systemic inflammation is well known as an independent cardiovascular risk factor.
- •Pyroptosis is characterized by release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β and IL-18.
- •Selenium may exert beneficial actions for attenuating inflammation.
Abstract
Background and aims
Atherosclerosis as a chronic inflammatory disorder of the arterial wall is the main
leading cause of the cardiovascular disease (CVD). Caspase-dependent pyroptosis plays
a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of CVD. Selenium (Se) is an important component
of the antioxidant defense and plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health. This
study aimed to investigate the effects of daily consumption of sodium selenite and
Se-enriched yeast on the expression of pyroptosis-related genes, and biomarkers of
oxidative stress in patients with atherosclerosis.
Methods and results
In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 60 patients
with atherosclerosis were recruited. Participants received 200 μg/day of sodium selenite,
Se-enriched yeast, or placebo for 8 following weeks. The pyroptosis-related genes’
mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was assessed before
and after the intervention. Also, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde
(MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and glutathione peroxidases (GPX) were measured at baseline
and following the intervention. Following sodium selenite and Se-enriched yeast supplementation,
the relative expression levels of TLR4, ASC, NLRP3, and NF-κB1 were significantly
downregulated (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the changes in GPX were significantly increased
after selenite and yeast supplementation (p < 0.05). Also, selenite and yeast consumption
caused a statistically significant decrease in the change of MDA level (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
In summary, these findings showed that Se supplementation may reduce inflammation
through down-regulation of some pro-inflammatory genes, improving antioxidant defenses
in atherosclerosis patients. Further research is required to come to a definite conclusion
of selenium supplementation on the CVD risk.
This study was registered on the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials website (identifier:
RCT20110123005670N28; https://www.irct.ir/).
Graphical abstract
Graphical Abstract
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 07, 2022
Accepted:
February 21,
2022
Received in revised form:
February 5,
2022
Received:
September 27,
2021
Handling Editor: A. NaskaIdentification
Copyright
© 2022 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
